书城文学文学与人生
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第27章 文学常识

Section Three Common Sense in Literature

一部优秀小说必须具备的条件(根据G.H.梅纳迪博士为菲尔丁的小说《汤姆·琼斯》所作序言):

Requirements of a Good Novel (according to Dr. G.H. Maynadier in his Introduction to Fielding’s TomJones):

(1)宗旨正大:

(1)Serious Purpose:

可进一步发挥为:

To be developed thus:

a)严肃的目的=“人生严肃的意识”

a)Serious Purpose=“A Sense of Seriousness of Human Life”

b)真理:现实主义,“自然”。

b)Truth: Realism, “Nature”.

c)理想的赏罚:美德有报?

c)Poetic Justice: Virtue Rewarded?

d)小说家的正大宗旨:真理与爱。

d)The Novelist’s Serious Purpose: Truth and Love.

(2)范围宽广(2)Large Scope

(3)结构谨严(3)Firm Plot

(4)事实繁多(4)Plenty of Action

(5)情景逼真(5)Reality of Scenes

(6)人物生动(6)Liveliness of Characters