[117] Articles organiques， 26. "The bishops will make no ordination before submitting the number of persons to the government for its acceptance."[118] "Archives de Grenoble." (Documents communicated by Mdlle. de Franclieu.) Letter of the bishop， Monseigneur Claude Simon， to the Minister of Worship， April 18， 1809. "For seven years that I have been bishop of Grenoble， I have ordained thus far only eight priests；during this period I have lost at least one hundred and fifty. The survivors threaten me with a more rapid gap； either they are infirm， bent with the weight of years， or wearied or overworked. It is therefore urgent that I be authorized to confer sacred orders on those who are old enough and have the necessary instruction. Meanwhile， you are limited to asking authorization for the first eight on the aforesaid list， of whom the youngest is twenty-four. . . . I beg Your Excellency to present the others on this list for the authorization of His Imperial Majesty." - Ibid.， October 6， 1811. "I have only one deacon and one subdeacon， whilst I am losing three or four priests monthly."[119] Articles organiques， 68， 69. "The pensions enjoyed by the curés by virtue of the laws of the constituent assembly shall be deducted from their salary. The vicars and assistants shall be taken from the pensioned ecclesiastics according to the laws of the constituent assembly. The amount of these pensions and the product of oblations shall constitute their salary."[120] Laws of Vendémiaire 16， year V， and Vent？se 20， year V..
[121] Decree of Nov. 6， 1800.
[122] Decisions of February 23， 1801， and June 26， 1801. (We find， through subsequent decisions， that these recoveries were frequently effected.)[123] Law of Frimaire 7， year V (imposing one decime per franc above the cost of a ticket in every theatre for the benefit of the poor not in the asylums). - Also the decree of Dec. 9， 1809. - Decisions of Vendémiaire 27， year VII， and the restoration of the Paris octroi， "considering that the distress of the civil asylums and the interruption of succor at domiciles admit of no further delay." - Also the law of Frimaire 19， year VIII， with the addition of 2 decimes per franc to the octroi duties， established for the support of the asylums of the commune of Paris. - Paul Leroy-Beaulieu， "Traité de la science des finances，" I.， 685. Many towns follow this example： "Two years had scarcely passed when there were 293 Octrois in France."[124] Law of Messidor 25， year V. - Alexis Chevalier， ibid.， p. 185.
(Decisions of Thermidor 20， year XI， and Germinal 4， year XIII.) - Law of Dec.. 11， 1808 (article 1.)[125] Albert Duruy， "l'Instruction publique et la Révolution，" p.480et seq. ("Procès-verbaux des conseils-généraux de l'an IX；" among others， the petitions from Gironde， Ile-et-Vilaine， Maine-et-Loire， Puy.de-D？me， Haute-Sa？ne， Haute Vienne， la Manche， Lot-et-Garonne， Sarthe， Aisne， Aude， C？te-d'Or， Pas-de-Calais， BassePyrénées， Pyrénées-Orienta1es， and Lot.)[126] Alexis Chevalier， ibid.， p. 182. (According to statistical returns of the parent establishment， rue Oudinot. - These figures are probably too low.)[127] "Recueil des lois et réglemens sur l'enseignement supérieur，" by A. de Beauchamp， I.， 65. (Report by Fourcroy， April 20， 1802.) "Old schools， since the suppression of upper schools and universities， have taken a new extension， and a pretty large number of private institutions have been formed for the literary education of the young."[128] Ibid.， 65 and 71. (Report by Fourcroy.) "As to the primary schools， the zeal of the municipalities must be aroused， the emulation of the functionaries excited， and charitable tendencies revived， so natural to the French heart and which will so promptly spring up when the religious respect of the government for local endowments becomes known."[129] Ibid.， p. 81. (Decree of May 1st， 1802， titles 2 and 9. - Decree of Sept. 17， 1808， article 23.)130] "Histoire du collège des Bons-Enfans de l'université de Reims，"by abbé Cauly， p. 649. - The lycée of Reims， decreed May 6， 1802， was not opened until the 24th of September， 1803. The town was to furnish accommodations for 150 pupils. It spent nearly 200，000 francs to put buildings in order. . . . This sum was provided， on the one hand， by a voluntary subscription which realized 45，000 francs and， on the other hand， by an additional tax.
[131] Law of May 1， 1802， articles 32， 33， and 34. - Guizot， "Essai sur l'instruction publique， I.， 59. Bonaparte maintained and brought up in the lycées， at his own expense and for his own advantage， about 3000 children . . . commonly selected from the sons of soldiers or from poor families." - Fabry， "Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire de l'instruction publique，" III.， 802. "Children of soldiers whose wives lived in Paris， the sons of office-holders who were prevented by luxury from bringing up their families - such were the scholarships of Paris." - "In the provinces， the employees in the tax- and post-offices， with other nomadic functionaries - such were the communal scholarships." - Lunet， "Histoire du collège de Rodez，" 219， 224. Out of 150 scholarships， 87 are filled， on the average.