但是,罪恶与善良俱来,纯金常被腐蚀。不可原谅的浪费与富足并至。我们浪费了一大部分本来可资利用的东西,我们至今还没有停止挥霍浪费,来保存大自然的慷慨恩赐。如果没有这些恩赐,我们的创业天赋很可能变得毫无价值和无所作为。我们鄙视谨慎行事,我们的生产效率固然值得赞美,我们的浪费却十分可耻。
We have been proud of our industrial achievements,but we have not hitherto stopped thoughtfully enough to count the human cost,the cost of lives snuffed out,of energies overtaxed and broken,the fearful physical and spiritual cost to the men and women and children upon whom the dead weight and burden of it all has fallen pitilessly the years through.The groans and agony of it all had not yet reached our ears,the solemn,moving undertone of our life,coming up out of the mines and factories,and out of every home where the struggle had its intimate and familiar seat.With the great Government went many deep secret things which we too long delayed to look into and scrutinize with candid,fearless eyes.The great Government we loved has too often been made use of for private and selfish purposes,and those who used it had forgotten the people.
我们一向对我国的工业成就引以为豪,但我们至今仍没有缜密计算一下人类为此付出的代价:包括人们所献出的生命的代价;由于辛劳过度、心力交瘁所付出的精力的代价;以及男人、女人和儿童——工业生产的全部重担成年累月地无情地压在这些人的身上——所付出的骇人听闻的体力代价和精神代价。这些人的痛楚呻吟尚未完全传到我们的耳际,而由矿山、工厂,由每一个痛苦挣扎的家庭传来的这些呻吟则构成了我们生活中的庄严而感人的和声。伴随伟大政体而来的,还有我们长期以来一直不愿以坦率无畏的眼光去探索、去审视的许多讳莫如深的事物。我们所热爱的伟大政体经常被人们用来为个人谋私利,而利用这个政体的那些人则早已把人民大众忘记得一干二净。
At last a vision has been vouchsafed us of our life as a whole.We see the bad with the good,the debased and decadent with the sound and vital.With this vision we approach new affairs.Our duty is to cleanse,to reconsider,to restore,to correct the evil without impairing the good,to purify and humanize every process of our common life without weakening or sentimentalizing it.There has been something crude and heartless and unfeeling in our haste to succeed and be great.
我们终于得以看到了生活的全貌。我们看到恶与善、丑与美、颓唐堕落与活力生机并生共存。我们是以这种眼光来处理新生事物的。我们的责任是清除、审察、纠偏、匡正邪恶而不损害善与美,使我们日常生活的每一个过程得以净化、人性化而不使之衰弱伤感。但我们往往急于求成,有些事情难免做得粗鲁、无情而冷酷。
Our thought has been “Let every man look out for himself,let every generation look out for itself,”while we reared giant machinery which made it impossible that any but those who stood at the levers of control should have a chance to look out for themselves.We had not forgotten our morals.We remembered well enough that we had set up a policy which was meant to serve the humblest as well as the most powerful,with an eye single to the standards of justice and fair play,and remembered it with pride.But we were very heedless and in a hurry to be great.
我们一向认为要“让每一个人自己照管自己,让每一代人自己照管自己”,同时,我们却建立起了庞大的政府机器、使除了那些掌握操纵杆的人之外,任何人都不可能有机会照管自己。我们没有忘记我们的道德准则。我们清楚地记得,我们曾经制定过一项政策,说明我们既要为权贵效劳,也要为地位低下者服务,而且我们特别着眼于公正合理的准则,一想到这一点,我们就会感到自豪。但是,我们太不谨慎,太急于求成了。
We have come now to the sober second thought.The scales of heedlessness have fallen from our eyes.We have made up our minds to square every process of our national life again with the standards we so proudly set up at the beginning and have always carried at our hearts.Our work is a work of restoration.
现在我们已经在冷静地重新思考。我们的眼睛已经去除了因考虑不周而造成的翳障。我们决心要以我们当初自豪地建立起来的、并且始终牢记在心中的准则,重新调整国民生活的每一个过程。我们所要做的工作是一项正本清源的工作。
人物小传:美国第28位总统(1913—1921)
姓名:伍德罗·威尔逊
绰号:政界校长
出生:1856年12月28日,斯汤顿,弗吉尼亚州
卒于:1924年2月3日,华盛顿特区
所属政党:民主党
伍德罗·威尔逊是美国第28任总统。出生于弗吉尼亚州。父亲约瑟夫·威尔逊是大学教授。威尔逊毕业于普林斯顿大学,毕业后任教多年。1910年当选为新泽西州州长。1912年获民主党总统候选人提名,击败西奥多·罗斯福获胜。执政期间推行改革,取代罗斯福成为进步主义改革旗手。1916年连任。当时,正值第一次世界大战,开始,威尔逊政府避战,后参战,于1918年1月提出《公正与和平》14点方案。德国战败后,此方案成为与战败国和谈方案的基础。威尔逊本人也作为总统破天荒第一次出国,出席了巴黎和会。这时,国内政治形势出现逆转,被共和党人控制的国会拒绝批准威尔逊方案,后付诸公民表决。结果,这一方案仍未完全被通过,因此,提出国际联盟的美国,却未能参加国联。1920年总统选举,民主党人失败。当年,下野的威尔逊获诺贝尔和平奖。四年后,他在睡眠中死去。
Second Inaugural Address ofWoodrow Wilson(1917)
Monday,March 5,1917