The Plan of Notre Dame is a short cross, looking very majestic and solemn. Above the atrium there is a 90-meter minaret. The top of the tower is a slender cross. It is said that the cross and the crown was sealed in the ball below the cross when Jesus tortured.
The story of "the last judgment" about Jesus in heaven is described on the central arch. It is shown the story of Santa Anna on the right side of the arch, and the scene of the Bishop Sully baptized Louis VII. On the left, there is the Virgin door, described the situation of virgin"s passion and resurrection and the saints and angels around her. The Kings’ Gallery is above the arch and there are displayed 28 king statues during the Old Testament.
On both sides of the second floor above the corridor there are two huge stone lattice windows, and in the middle there are the colorful glass windows, which are called the beautiful “rose glass windows”. The magnificent colorful glass depicts the moving stories of the Bible and the previous clergy used those images to preach. The statue of the virgin and children is in the central, and the angels are on the sides. The statues of Adam and Eve are standing on both sides of them.
On the third floor there’re a row of arched and carved stone railings. In this design, Valery showed fully his imagination. In those stone railings, he created a fantasy world in which some monsters and fairies appear in every corner of the church.
巴黎圣母院是世界上哥特式建筑中最美妙、最和谐、最匀称的建筑。
圣母院平面呈较短的十字形,结构严谨,看上去十分雄伟庄严。中庭的上方有一个高达90米的尖塔。塔顶是一个细长的十字架,据说,耶稣受刑时所用的十字架及冠冕就在这个十字架下面的球内封存着。
中央的拱门描述的是耶稣在天庭的“最后审判”。右边的拱门描述的是圣安娜的故事,以及大主教许里为路易七世受洗的情形。左边是圣母门,描绘圣母受难复活、被圣者和天使围绕的情形。拱门上方为众王廊,陈列旧约时期28位君王的雕像。
长廊上面第二层两侧为两个巨大的石质中棂窗子,中间是彩色玻璃窗。这就是美丽的“玫瑰玻璃窗”。这富丽堂皇的彩色玻璃刻画着一个个的动人的圣经故事,以前的神职人员藉由这些图像来做传道之用。中央供奉着圣母圣婴,两边立着天使的塑像。两侧立的是亚当和夏娃的塑像。
第三层是一排细长的雕花拱形石栏杆。在这个设计中,瓦雷里充分发挥了自己的想象力。在那些石栏杆上,他塑造了一个由虚幻世界,一些怪物和小精灵出现在教堂顶端的各个角落里。
Hugo and His Soul Novel Notre Dame de Paris 雨果和他的心灵之作《巴黎圣母院》
Hugo is one of Romantic literary movement leaders and humanitarian representatives in the 19th century, known as the “Shakespeare of France”.
Notre Dame de Paris is his first major romantic novel. It contrasts with the quirky and wrote a story 15th-century in the France in the story:
Claude, the priest of Notre Dame de Paris adopted a ugly and deaf man named Caccamo, and let him be a bell ringer. Claude fell into love with a beautiful Gypsy girl called Esmeralda and he ordered Quasimodo to abduct Esmeralda. On the way, Esmeralda was rescued by Forbes, a cavalry captain. Then Esmeralda fell in love with Forbes. Claude hatred and killed Forbes, and put the blame on Esmeralda. Esmeralda was sentenced to death, but Quasimodo rescued and hid her in the Notre Dame de Paris. Later, Esmeralda was hanged by the army led by Claude on the square. Claude was fell down the ground from the top floor of the church by Quasimodo angrily. At last, Quasimodo hugged Esmeralda and died for love.
雨果是19世纪浪漫主义文学运动领袖和人道主义的代表人物之一,被人们称为“法兰西的莎士比亚”。
《巴黎圣母院》是他的第一部大型浪漫主义小说。它以离奇和对比的手法写了一个发生在15世纪法国的故事:
巴黎圣母院的神父克洛德收养了丑聋人卡西莫多,让他做撞钟人。克洛德爱上了吉普赛少女艾丝美拉达,于是指使卡西莫多强行掳走艾丝美拉达,途中被弗比斯骑兵上尉队长所救,艾丝美拉达爱上了弗比斯。克洛德怀恨在心,刺杀弗比斯,并嫁祸于艾丝美拉达。艾丝美拉达被判死刑,卡西莫多救了艾丝美拉达并藏在圣母院中。后来,艾丝美拉达被克洛德带领的军队绞杀在广场上,卡西莫多愤然将克洛德从教堂顶楼推落下来,最后,卡西莫多抚着艾丝美拉达的尸体殉情。
15. Louvre:The Temple of Feeding Famous Artists哺育艺坛名家的殿堂——卢浮宫
Louvre lies in north of Seine River in the center of Paris, France. It is a magnificent Renaissance-style palace. It is also one of the world’s oldest, largest and most famous museums.
卢浮宫位于法国巴黎市中心的塞纳河北岸,是一座具有文艺复兴时期风格的金碧辉煌的王宫,也是世界上最古老、最大、最著名的博物馆之一。
French Art Treasures 法国的艺术宝库
Louvre is the heart of Paris. It is one of the world’s most ambitious, the most famous museums, and the oldest palace in the history of the French.
Its overall construction was “U”shaped, divided into two parts, the new and the old. The old building started in the Louis XIV period and the new was built in the Napoleonic era. After 800 years of expansion and rehabilitation, it reached today’s scale. So far, the Louvre has become a world famous art gallery.
Louvre has six exhibition halls, a total of 198 exhibition hall. Oriental Art has six pavilions, ancient Greek and Roman Art, Ancient Egyptian Art, treasures museum, paintings and sculpture museum. There are more than 40 million collections of art treasures, three of the most important treasures are well known.They are statue of Venus, the Goddess of Victory and the Mona Lisa portrait.
The Louvre is a palace with a beautiful neo-classical style garden. It is worth mentioning that the main entrance is the transparent Louvre pyramid building, it was built by the famous ChineseAmerican designer architect IM Pei.
卢浮宫是巴黎的心脏。它是世界上最宏大、最著名的博物馆之一,也是法国历史上最悠久的王宫。
卢浮宫的整体建筑呈“U”形,分为新、老两部分,老的建于路易十四时期,新的建于拿破仑时代。历经800多年扩建和重修,才达到今天的规模。迄今为止,卢浮宫已成为世界著名的艺术殿堂。
卢浮宫有六大展馆,共198个展览大厅。六大展馆分别是东方艺术馆、古希腊及古罗马艺术馆、古埃及艺术馆、珍宝馆、绘画馆及雕塑馆。展馆中共收藏40多万件艺术珍品,其中最重要的镇宫三宝是世人皆知的,它们分别是:爱神维纳斯雕像、胜利女神像和蒙娜丽莎画像。
整个卢浮宫是一个有着美丽花园的新古典式宫殿。值得一提的是,卢浮宫正门入口处有一个透明金字塔建筑,它的设计者就是著名的美籍华人建筑师贝聿铭。
The Three Famous Louvre Treasures 著名的卢浮宫三宝
Venus Statue
In the West, Venus is the embodiment of beauty and love, the goddess of laughter and marriage. According to legend, we often say that Cupid was her son.
Venus was born in the legendary waves. One day, the waves were sent to a shell beaches, beautiful Venus came out from the shell, her feet touched everywhere, the palace at once covered with fragrant flowers.
Time Goddess wore the golden ornament to her hair with Golden earrings and white necklace. Four-season Goddess sent crane and carried the Venus fly to Mount Olympus where Gods to live in.