[ 考点] be in the background 在幕后，不公开地
background informa tion/music 背景资料/音乐
against a background of 在.背景下
[ 例句] The demonst ration took place against a background of foodstuff crisis.
ban* [ b .. n] v.禁止
n.禁止，禁令
[ 同义] v.prohibit，forbid
n.prohibition
[ 考点] ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事
ban a book/movie 查禁一本书/一部电影
put a ban on (或put. under a ban) 禁止.
lift/remove the ban on 解禁.
[ 例句] The play was banned by the censor.
candidate* [..k .. ndideit ] n.候选人
[ 考点] candidate for sth..的人选
[ 例句] He was the st rongest candida te for the position.
consent* [ k..n..sent ] v./n.同意，准许
[ 同义] v.approve
[ 考点] consent to (do) sth.同意(做) 某事
ask s b. ’s consent 征得某人的同意
give one’s consent to sth.同意.
have sb. ’s consent 得到某人的同意
[ 例句] She readily consented to my request.
conviction* [ k..n..vik....n] n.①确信，信念②定罪，判罪
[ 同义] ①belief
[ 考点] speak with conviction 自信地说，令人信服地说It’s my conviction tha t 我深信.
political convictions 政治信念
[ 例句] She had a firm conviction that she was right.
copywriter [..k..pi..r ait..] n.广告撰稿员
distract* [di..st r .. kt ] v.① 分心，分散(注意力) ② 困扰，困惑
[ 同义] ②bewilde r，pe rplex，puzzle
[ 考点] dist ract sb.from sth.分散某人的注意力
be distr acted with/by 因.而精神不能集中
[ 例句] Noise distr acts my attention from studying.
governmental * [......v..n..ment..l ] adj.政府的
[ 考点] gove rnmental institutions 政府机构
hence* [ hens] adv.因此，所以
[ 同义] for this r eason (后面的动词常省略)
[ 例句] The hotel was built on the side of a r ive r，hence the name“Riverside”.
issue* [..i..ju..，..isju..] n.问题，争论点
[ 同义] problem，matte r，argument
[ 考点] political/envi ronmental is sues 政治/环境问题
the ma tter at issue 争议中的(问题)
bring up/r aise an issue 提出问题
settle an issue 解决争议
[ 例句] What are the latest is sues in politics in your count ry?
manipulate* [m....nipjuleit ] v.操纵，摆布
[ 同义] handle，cont rol
[ 考点] manipulate public opinion 操纵舆论
manipulate the stock market 操纵股票市场
[ 例句] A cleve r politician knows how to manipulate public opinion.
manipulat ive [ m....nipjuleitiv] adj.(对他人) 操纵的，控制的
[ 考点] manipulative power/pr actices 操纵别人的能力/行径
medium* [..mi..di..m] n.(复数～s 或media ) ①手段，工具② 媒介
[ 同义] ①means
[ 考点] mass media 大众传媒(如报刊、广播、电视等)
through/by the medium of 通过.的手段
[ 例句] Television can be an excellent medium for educa-tion.
messenger * [..mesind....] n.送信者，报信者
minority * [ mai..n..r..ti，mi-] n.少数民族，少数
[ 例句] Only a minor ity of Br itish households do not have a ca r.
project* [ pr....d..ekt ] v.①发射，投出②投射(光、影等)
[ 同义] ①hur l，launch ②tr ansmit
[ 考点] project sth.on/onto 把(光、影等) 投射于.
project a mis sile into space 把导弹发射到宇宙空间
[ 例句] The tr ee projects a shadow on the gr as s.
promote* [ pr..u..m..ut ] v.①发场，促进②提升，提职
[ 考点] promote friendship/economic growth 促进友谊/经济增长
[ 例句] Pupils who pas s this test will be promoted to the next grade.
propaganda* [..pr..p........ nd..] n.宣传
[ 考点] political propaganda 政治宣传
regulat ion* [..re..ju..lei....n] n.规章
[ 同义] rule
[ 考点] t raffic regulations 交通法规
break/violate regulations 违反规定
establish (或lay down) regulations 制订规章
[ 例句] I am ti red of all these rules and regulations telling me wha t I must and must not do！
restrict* [ r i..st rikt ] v.限制，约束
[ 同义] rest rain，confine
[ 考点] rest rict sb./sth.to 把某人/事限制在.范围
[ 例句] He restr icted himself to two ciga rettes a day.
sentiment* [..sentim..nt ] n.① 感情，情绪② (常用复) 意见，感想③感伤，多愁善感
[ 同义] ①feeling②opinion，attitude③emotion
[ 例句] 1 ) She expres sed her sentiments on world peace.
2 ) The re is no room for sentiment in business.
skillful * [..skilful] a dj.熟练的
[ 考点] be skillful at/in (doing) sth.善于(做) 某事
[ 例句] Soon they became very skillful in answer ing such questions.
slogan* [..sl..u....n] n.口号，标语
slot* [ sl..t ] n.(电视、广播的) 时段
solut ion* [ s....lu......n] n.解决(办法)
[ 同义] answer
[ 考点] a solution of/for/to a trouble 纷争的解决
find a solution 寻找解决的方法
come up with a solution 找到解决的办法
[ 例句] Ther e seems to be no solution to the problem.
specialist* [..spe....list ] n.专家
[ 同义] expe rt
[ 例句] She is a specialist in Easte rn European affairs.
stereotyped* [..ster i..utaipt ] ad j.(形象、思想、人物等) 模式化的
[ 同义] fixed，standa rdized，without individuality
[ 例句] He gave the us ual stereotyped answers to the questions
of the newspaper r epor ters.
viewer* [..vju....] n.观众，观看者
violence* [..vai..l..ns ] n.①暴力②猛力
[ 同义] ①brutality②force
[ 例句] 1 ) He was compelled to use violence.
2 ) He slammed the door with violence.
voice over [..v..is....uv..] n.画外音，旁白
vote* [ v..ut ] v.投票，选举
[ 考点] vote for/against 投票赞成/反对.
vote on sth.就某事投票表决
vote.down 投票否决
[ 例句] If we cannot agree，let’s vote on it.
voter * [..v..ut..] n.投票人，选举人
be targeted at 以.为目标
[ 例句] Campaigns to stop the spread of AIDS must continue to be ta rgeted at the whole popula tion.
identify with 把.与.等同起来
[ 例句] Wealth cannot be identified with happines s.
persuade someone of 使某人相信/信服.
[ 例句] He tr ied to pers uade me of his innocence.
reduce.to 使.变成，使.简化成
[ 例句] We can reduce his statement to three simple facts.
restrict.to 把.限制在.之内
[ 例句] The doctor has r est ricted my smoking to ten ciga - rettes a day.
say no to 拒绝
[ 例句] The offer was so good that I couldn’t say no to it.
share in 分享，分担
[ 例句] She sha res in my troubles as well as in my joys.