It is within my knowledge that you are good at French.
你的法语学得很好, 这我是知道的。
We have no knowledge of where they have gone.
我们不知道他们去哪儿了。
12. New findings may also require a“wait-and-see”attitude.
新发现也许需要等着瞧的态度。
1 )名词finding 的意思是“ 发现”, 其复数形式通常指“ 调查或研究的结果”。
Beauty in daily life needs finding.
日常生活中的美需要人们去发现。
Unlike most researchers, Prof. Smith keeps his findings to himself.
不像绝大多数研究人员, 史密斯教授严守自己的研究成果。
The investigation committee published its findings in Washington Post. 调查委员会在《华盛顿邮报》上公布了自己的调查结果。
2 )动词require 在这里的意思是“ 需要；要求”。
Will you require breakfast earlier than usual？
你需要比平常早一点开早饭吗？
He required that we work all night. 他要求我们干通宵。
3 )辨异: require, inquire, acquire, v.
require 的意思是“ 需要；要求, 命令”；inquire 则表示“ 打听；查问；调查”；而acquire 指的是“ 获得；学得(知识等), 养成(习惯等)”。
I inquired of my friend what I should do. 我问朋友自己该怎么办。
They inquired into the deployment of the enemy troop.
他们调查了敌军兵力的部署情况。
He ha s acquired a good reputation. 他已取得了好名声。
Every student in this school is required to acquire knowledge in this field. 这所学校的每个学生都被要求掌握这领域的知识。
4 )wait-and-see 是一个由两个动词构成的复合形容词, 意思是“ 观望的”。
They have adopted a wait-and-see policy.
他们采取了一个观望的政策。
13. For example, there is an experiment on the sprouting of seeds which has been running for more than 50 years. 例如, 一个关于种子发芽的试验进行了50 年。
1 )名词experiment 在这里的意思是“ 试验”。“make (try)an experiment on (in, with)”, 意思是“ 做.. 试验”。试比较下列例句。注意介词on, with 和in 的用法。
They have made many experiments on dogs.
他们在狗身上做了许多试验。
They tried thousands of experiments with the new methods.
他们用新方法进行了若干次试验。
That is a new experiment in science.
那是一个在科学上的新尝试。
2 )run 在这里是个不及物动词, 意思是“ 进行, 延续”。
The play ha s run for two years in New York.
这戏在纽约已上演了两年。
Good looks run in the family. 好的容貌在这家庭中遗传了下来。
Te xt B
Solving Pr oblems Scientifically
科学地解决问题
Study of the Text
1.Problems arise in a variety of ways. 问题出现的方式多种多样。
1 )arise 在这里是个不及物动词, 意思是“ 出现”, 其后接from 或out of 表示“ 产生于, 起因于”。
Accidents arise from carelessness. 事故往往起因于疏忽。
Some unexpected difficulties have arisen out of the recent changes in the life. 由于近来生活发生了变化, 出现了一些意想不到的困难。
2 )辨异: arise, rise, raise, v.
arise 意思是“ 出现；产生”；而rise 则主要指“ 上升；起立”。
raise 的意思则是“ 提起；筹集”等。
The house rose at the actors. 全场起立对演员鼓掌喝彩。
His anger rose at that remark. 听见那话他就生气了。
Not a voice was ra ised in opposition. 一声反对都没有。
They have raised a lot of money for the school.
他们为学校筹集了许多钱。
3 )a variety of 种种；若干不同的
He was late for class for a variety of reasons.
因种种原因他上课迟到了。
They have a va riety of colors for the customers to choose from.
他们有许多种类的花色供顾客选择。
2.The development of industry has also brought about large numbers
of problems which have to be solved. 工业发展已经带来了大量的有待于解决的问题。
1 )bring about 带来, 造成, 引起
What brought the quarrel about？争吵是怎么引起的？
Science ha s brought a bout many changes in our lives.
科学给我们的生活带来了许多变化。
2 )large numbers of 许多；大量。相当于a large number of, 后跟名词复数形式。
There are large numbers of students on the playground.
操场上有许多学生。
A large number of cars had to be abandoned because of the heavy
snow. 由于大雪, 许多小车不得不扔弃。
number 前面如果用定冠词“ the ”, 则其谓语部分要用单数形式。
The number of students in the school is 2 500. 学校学生人数是2 500人。
3.With these new ideas and facts he builds a firm foundation for solving
the problem. 这一切新观点和事实为解决问题奠定了牢固的基础。
1 )with these new ideas and facts 在这里起伴随的作用, 意思是“ 由于拥有了新观点和新事实”。
2 )名词foundation 在这里的意思是“ 基础”, 短语build (lay)the
(a)foundation for 意思是“ 为..打下基础”。
What she learned in high school built a good founda tion for her
college career. 她在高中学的知识为她的大学生涯打下了良好的基础。
4.Should the observation or predictions turn out to be as expected, the scientist has added confidence in the probable truth of his hypothesis.
如果观察结果或预测的情况正如所料, 科学家对其假说的真实性就增加了信心。
1 )should 与主语倒装, 放于句首, 相当于一个条件句。这种结构多用于书面语, 很少用于口语。
Should anyone call, please take a message. (= If anyone should call.)若有人打电话来, 请留个言。
Should I have time, I will have a talk with you.
如果有时间, 我要和你谈谈。
2 )turn out 结果是.., 原来是.., 其后可接to be, 也可不接to be。
The novel turns out (to be)very uninteresting. 这小说原来毫无趣味。
Although it looked sunny in the morning, it turned out (to be)a cloudy day. 今天早上看起来有太阳, 但结果却是个阴天。