书城外语英语PARTY——浪漫之都·法国
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第12章 宜人风景Natural Scenery(3)

最着名的城堡要数神农索堡(Chenonceau),城堡左右两翼分跨卢瓦尔河支流察尔河(Cher)两岸,中间由五孔廊桥相连,常被誉为“停泊在察尔河上的船”。这是卢瓦尔河谷所有古堡中最富浪漫情调的一座,许多新人都选择在这里举行婚礼。城堡建筑风格极具文艺复兴时期的奢华优雅风格。这里曾经居住过多位国王的爱妃和贵妇人,因此,和古堡相关的轶事总少不了爱情的影子。最着名的“传说”是亨利二世的爱妾黛安娜(Diane)和王妃卡特琳娜(Catherine)之间的争风吃醋。这座优雅空灵的城堡原是亨利二世赠给爱妃黛安娜的礼物,后来亨利二世在一次试枪比赛中丧命,后宫大乱。结果卡特琳娜获权,赶走了黛安娜。经过历代女主人的细心打理,城堡的摆设尽显法国王室的奢华与典雅,徜徉在古堡中,看着布置奢华的房间,可以想像当年王公贵族浮华奢靡的日子。

香堡(Chambore)是卢瓦尔河谷地区又一座神奇的所在。它兴建于弗朗索瓦一世,是法国王室狩猎的行宫。然而当初修建城堡的动机却仅仅因为弗朗索瓦一世爱上了住在这里的一位姑娘。这是卢瓦尔河谷所有城堡中最大的一个,城堡内共有440个房间,84处楼梯,光烟囱就有365个。城堡内最特别的是双舷梯,这种楼梯有两组独立而又相互交错的栏杆,据说这样的设计可以避免王后和国王的情妇相遇发生纠纷。香堡的建筑风格结合了法国传统的建筑艺术和意大利文艺复兴的影响,被法国人视为国宝。1981年,香堡列入了世界遗产名录。

Loire Valley (French Vallée de la Loire) is known as the Garden of France and the Cradle of the French Language. It is also noteworthynoteworthy adj.值得注目的,显着的 for the quality of its architectural heritage,in its historic towns such as Amboise,Blois,Chinon,Orléans,Saumur,and Tours,but in particular for its worldfamous castles,such as the Chateaux Amboise,Chambord and Chenonceau.

The Loire Valley is an outstanding cultural landscape of great beauty,containing historic towns and villages,great architectural monuments (the chateaux),and cultivatedcultivated adj.耕耘的,有教养的,栽植的 lands formed by many centuries of interaction between their population and the physical environment,primarily the river Loire itself.

The landscape of the Loire Valley,and more particularly its many cultural monuments,illustrate to an exceptional degree the ideals of the Renaissance and the Age of the Enlightenment on western European thought and design. The Loire Valley is an outstanding cultural landscape of great beauty,containing historic towns and villages,great architectural monuments,its many chateaux,and fine wines.

On December 2,2000,UNESCO named the central part of the Loire River valley,between Maine and SullysurLoire,to its prestigious list of World Heritage Sites. In choosing this area that includes the France Départements of Loiret,LoiretCher,IndreetLoire and MaineetLoire,the committee said that the Loire Valley is: “an exceptional cultural landscape,of great beauty,comprised of historic cities and villages,great architectural monuments the Chateaux and lands that have been cultivated and shaped by centuries of interaction between local populations and their physical environment,in particular the Loire itself.”

The Loire Valley,filled with charming towns and resplendentresplendent 耕耘的,有教养的,栽植的 Chateaux,was once the playground of the French nobility,with its beautiful scenery and game rich forests. It has been fought over,visited,and admired for hundreds of years.

Parc des Hauteurs and Rosary Garden

巴黎的花花世界

法国的巴黎有“花花世界”之称。一年四季,以巴黎可以观赏的主要花种而言,有兰花、茶花、杜鹃、郁金香、鸢尾花、玫瑰、大丽菊,香飘四季,姹紫嫣红,花开花落,各有其时。巴黎的花坛总是不寂寞的。巴黎的赏花人也是不寂寞的。在巴黎旅游访问,赏花是一大乐事,旅程会因此精彩许多。百花之中,以玫瑰的花期最长,花事最盛,一年之内,半年风流。

巴黎的四大玫瑰园

巴黎的各大公园,大多辟有一角玫瑰园。有300多年历史的“巴黎植物园”(Jardin des Plantes de Paris)有一座很不错的玫瑰园。巴黎植物园是一座有严格科学管理的大公园,每一枝玫瑰上都有详细记载,可以学到很多有关玫瑰的历史和知识,可以欣赏到从古到今的各种玫瑰。建园才30年历史的“巴黎花卉公园”(Parc floral de Paris),进门最先迎接你的也是一角玫瑰园,一丛丛,一簇簇,好不可爱。巴黎国际大学城的马路对面就是蒙苏里公园(Parc Montsouris),公园西侧的浓荫下,有一座迷你型的玫瑰园,名为“巴黎新闻媒体玫瑰园”,大约三、四十家报刊和电台、电视台,每家负责栽种和管理一种玫瑰、少则五、六枝,多则十几枝,各是一家,合成一园,花色不同,花形各异,散步其中,赏心悦目,令人流连忘返。

当然,巴黎最负盛名的玫瑰园,当推西郊布洛涅森林里的“巴加泰尔园”(Parc de Bagatelle)。我们知道,巴黎以南有一座以玫瑰命名的城市,叫拉伊玫瑰市,但拉伊玫瑰市在大巴黎的三圈以内,不在巴黎市区内。拉伊玫瑰市的玫瑰园是西方世界的第一座大型、专业玫瑰园,有百年以上的历史,有很高的科学价值。巴加泰尔玫瑰园在市区,1905年建成,是一座观赏型的玫瑰园。1907年,巴黎市议会决议每年组织“国际巴加泰尔玫瑰新品种大赛”(le concours international de roses nouvelles de Bagatelle),这是世界玫瑰业界的主要大赛之一,也是巴黎市民每年大饱眼福的机会。

Parc des Hauteurs is a large scale project for developing vegetation on Fourvière hill.

Fourvière hill,Lyon,s 1st tourist site in the heart of the city and overlooking the Saone river and the historic districts of Saint Jean and Saint Paul,has great potential in many areas: breathtaking belvederes,woody slopes,fields and gardens of large church domains,archeological sites and recreation areas.

The high degree of urbanizationurbanization n.都市化,文雅化 here prevents the development of a park in the traditional sense of the word,so the idea is to gradually develop pedestrian itineraries linking the various points of interest on the hill.

From the basilica to Loyasse cemetery,a path named Chemin du Rosaire was laid out by landscape designers Desvignes and Dalnoky. It included the construction of a footbridge linking the two high points of the hill.

Continuing from there is the peony garden on a terrace of 1300 square meters and the Sarra ski/mountain bike run on the steep slope. For the less athletic,a pedestrian path and stairway connect the upper and lower zones of the park.

Rosary Garden㏕his succession of gardens sets the scene for a pleasant stroll from Fourvière basilica to the Saint Jean quarter. The design by MichelAntoine Boyer and Sylvie Maniaque made use of abandoned private grounds along the hillside to create trails,belvederes,terraces,esplanadesesplanade n.平坦的空地,游憩场,散步路... Within Parc des Hauteurs,the Rosary Garden houses a botanical collection of old rose varieties and hydrangeas. A fruit orchard created with existing trees forms the link with the Roman archeological site.