我坐在潜水艇里,到了“泰坦尼克号”的甲板上,看着这些厚木板,感觉这里很像当年船上的乐队演奏的地方。我操控着自动探测仪在穿廊间穿梭,操作仪器时,我的思想像是跟着它走了。我感觉我自己真的到了泰坦尼克号,这艘遇难船的内部。这种似曾相识的感觉像梦一样,从未有过。假如我想转弯,没等探测器的灯光照到那儿,我就能知道接下来会看到什么。这是因为还在拍电影的时候,我就在“泰坦尼克号”的模型上工作了数月,而那个模型恰恰是根据它的设计图制作的精确复制品。
这是一次不同寻常的体验。这次远程控制的经历让我清楚地认识到,我们可以把自己的意识注入这些机器化身中,它们是另一种形式上的生命存在。这种体验意义重大。如管中窥豹,可见未来一斑,或许我们马上就能用机器生命体进行科学探索,或者为未来的人类做各种事情,只要是我这个科幻小说迷能想到的。
在这些探险之后,我开始真正欣赏那些海底生物,比如我们在深海热泉所见到的那些神奇生物。这些生物虽生活在地球上,但基本可以称为外星生物。它们生活在一个化学合成的环境中。它们无法像我们一样在太阳为生命基础的体系下生存。在海底,还能看到生活在500摄氏度水汽下的动物。你无法相信它们能在那儿生存。
与此同时,因为从小受科幻小说影响,我对太空科学也非常有兴趣。我迫不及待地加入了空间社,真正参与到NASA中,同咨询委员会一起,策划真实的太空任务,我们前往俄罗斯,参加前天体生物医学会的研讨等等诸如此类的任务,让宇航员带着3D摄像机进入国际空间站。这令人着迷,但我急切地想让这些太空专家同我们一起潜入深海,天体生物学家,行星专家,都对特殊环境充满兴趣,带他们去深海热泉,观察深海生物,取一些样本,测试仪器等等。
所以我们既是在拍纪录片,也在研究科学,更确切地说,是在研究空间科学。在探索发现的旅途中,我学到了很多,不仅仅是科学知识,还有领导能力。很多人认为导演就是领导者,像船长或者其他领导者一样。
没进行这些探险以前,我并不真正了解领导力的内涵。因为有时我会问自己,我到底在这儿干什么呢?为什么要做这些节目? 我从中得到了什么? 我们并没有从这些见鬼的节目中赚到钱,还差点破产。我也没有赚到名声。很多人以为我拍了《泰坦尼克号》《阿凡达》后,就在沙滩上修磨着指甲,享受生活呢。 其实,我拍了这些电影,这些纪录片,只换来了为数不多的观众。
得不到名声,等不到荣耀,也得不到金钱,我问自己,你在做什么呢?其实只是为了任务本身,是为了挑战——海洋就是现在最具挑战性的环境了;是为了探索发现时的惊喜;也为了一个小而紧密的团队所产生的那种不可思议的团队感。我们这10到12人在一起共事多年。有时要在海里一起工作两三个月。
在这个团队中,我发现最重要的东西就是互相尊重。每个人做的工作都无以言表。我回到海边告诉其他人,我们必须这样做,用光学纤维,用这种技术,那种技术,各种技术,战胜一切困难,考虑演员在海里的表现。这种互相配合、并肩作战的默契是无法言明的,这些事情只有警察或者参加过战斗的人经历后才能明白,他们知道这是无法向他人表达的。我们必须建立起这种默契,建立起互相尊重的默契。
所以,我开始拍摄接下来的电影《阿凡达》时,试着运用了这种领导原则,我尊重我的团队,他们也很尊重我。这让团队变得很有活力。所以,这次我也带了一支小团队,在未经探索的地区拍摄《阿凡达》,创造前所未有的新技术,这非常有意思,也颇具有挑战性。在这四年半多的时间里,我们就像一家人一样。这完全改变了我拍电影的方式。 有人评论说,卡梅隆只是把一些海洋生物放到了潘多拉星球上。但对我来说,建立这种互相尊重的默契不仅仅是做商业电影的基本法则,而是过程本身改变了事情的结果。
我能从这些经历中总结出什么,又能学到什么?首先要有好奇心,这是你拥有的最强大的东西;其次要有想象力,这是你展现现实的力量;再次:尊重团队,这比世界上一切荣誉都更为重要。 有不少年轻电影导演向我讨教成功经验,我告诉他们:“不要作茧自缚。别人会束缚你,但你自己不要作茧自缚。不要说自己不行,要敢于承担风险。”
NASA里流行一句话:“只能成功,不能失败。”但是,在艺术领域和探索发现时是允许失败的,因为这是需要运气的。只有冒险,创新,才能成功。你必须愿意承担风险,这就是我给你们的建议。无论你做什么,可以失败,不能畏惧。
延伸阅读
詹姆斯·卡梅隆,1954年出生于加拿大安大略省,好莱坞电影导演、编剧。1984年,因自编自导科幻电影《终结者》成名。1991年,凭借电影《终结者2》获得第18届土星奖最佳导演奖以及最佳编剧奖。1997年,他执导的电影《泰坦尼克号》取得了18.4亿美元的票房,打破全球影史票房纪录 ;该片在第70届奥斯卡金像奖上获得了包括最佳影片在内的11个奖项,詹姆斯·卡梅隆亦凭借该片获得了奥斯卡奖最佳导演奖。2005年,他被英国杂志《Empire》评为“世界最伟大的20位导演之一”。2009年12月,他执导的科幻电影《阿凡达》上映,该片全球票房超过27亿美元,打破了全球影史票房纪录。2010年,入选《时代周刊》评出的“全球最具影响力人物”;同年他获得美国视觉效果工会奖终身成就奖。2011年,获得美国制片人工会奖里程碑奖。本文是他在TED上的演讲。
insatiable adj.无法满足的,贪得无厌的; 贪得无厌的; 不知足
concept n.观念,概念; 观点; 思想,设想,想法; 总的印象
enormous adj.巨大的; 庞大的
adventure n.冒险活动; 冒险经历; 奇遇
History Has Given Us the Best Opportunity
历史已经给了我们最好的机遇
The peace of our world is indivisible. As long as negative forces are getting the better of positive forces anywhere, we are all at risk.
世界和平是不可分割的。只要任何地方存在损害积极力量的负面力量,我们所有的人都生活在风险之中。
Long years ago, sometimes it seems many lives ago, I was at Oxford listening to the radio programme Desert Island Discs with my young son Alexander. It was a well-known programme (for all I know it still continues) on which famous people from all walks of life were invited to talk about the eight discs, the one book beside the Bible and the complete works of Shakespeare, and the one luxury item they would wish to have with them were they to be marooned on a desert island. At the end of the programme, which we had both enjoyed, Alexander asked me if I thought I might ever be invited to speak on Desert Island Discs. “Why not?” I responded lightly. Since he knew that in general only celebrities took part in the programme he proceeded to ask, with genuine interest, for what reason I thought I might be invited. I considered this for a moment and then answered: “Perhaps because I,d have won the Nobel Prize for literature,” and we both laughed. The prospect seemed pleasant but hardly probable.
In 1989, when my late husband Michael Aris came to see me during my first term of house arrest, he told me that a friend, John Finnis, had nominated me for the Nobel Peace Prize. This time also I laughed. For an instant Michael looked amazed, then he realized why I was amused. The Nobel Peace Prize? A pleasant prospect, but quite improbable! So how did I feel when I was actually awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace? The question has been put to me many times and this is surely the most appropriate occasion on which to examine what the Nobel Prize means to me and what peace means to me.
Often during my days of house arrest it felt as though I were no longer a part of the real world. There was the house which was my world, there was the world of others who also were not free but who were together in prison as a community, and there was the world of the free; each was a different planet pursuing its own separate course in an indifferent universe. What the Nobel Peace Prize did was to draw me once again into the world of other human beings outside the isolated area in which I lived, to restore a sense of reality to me. This did not happen instantly, of course, but as the days and months went by and news of reactions to the award came over the airwaves, I began to understand the significance of the Nobel Prize. It had made me real once again; it had drawn me back into the wider human community. And what was more important, the Nobel Prize had drawn the attention of the world to the struggle for democracy and human rights in Burma. We were not going to be forgotten.
To be forgotten. The French say that to part is to die a little. To be forgotten too is to die a little. It is to lose some of the links that anchor us to the rest of humanity. When I met Burmese migrant workers and refugees during my recent visit to Thailand, many cried out: “Don,t forget us!” They meant: “Don,t forget our plight, don,t forget to do what you can to help us, don,t forget we also belong to your world.” When the Nobel Committee awarded the Peace Prize to me they were recognizing that the oppressed and the isolated in Burma were also a part of the world, they were recognizing the oneness of humanity. So for me receiving the Nobel Peace Prize means personally extending my concerns for democracy and human rights beyond national borders. The Nobel Peace Prize opened up a door in my heart.