学会猜测词义
同学们在阅读的过程中，难免会遇到一些生词。对此，很多人惊慌失措，影响了阅读速度和考试成绩。实际上，只要掌握一些猜词技巧，就可以推测出生词的意思。
1. 根据构词法猜测词义。许多英语单词都是由“词根+词缀”构成的，还有些单词是由两个单词结合构成的新词，我们可以根据词根或单个词的词义来推测新词的含义。
2. 学会利用上下文来推测词义。这种方法也是阅读中常常使用的。遇到不认识的单词，要学会根据上下文的意思来猜测生词的含义。
3. 要知道利用文中的定义、解释或举例来推测词义。文章中的生词，作者可能会通过定义、解释或举例来告诉读者生词的含义。
阅读理解
Passage A
HIV infections （艾滋病病毒感染者） soared worldwide to 30 million adults and children in 1997， with researchers saying that they had underestimated （低估） the rate of infection， now at about 16，000 a day. The sharp climb from 22.6 million in 1996 is due to new methods of collecting data （数据） as well as an actual 19% increase in the level of infections， according to report released by UN.“If the current transmission （传播） rates hold steady， by the year 2000， the number of people living with HIV or AIDS will increase to 40 million，” said the report. It further said that some 2.3 million people would die of AIDS in 1997—a 50% increase over 1996. Nearly half of those deaths would be women and 460，000 children under 15①. For children， the report estimated （估计） that 1， 600 under 15 were infected with
HIV every day， compared to 1，000 children a day last year. New figures （数字） show the number of people estimated to be living with HIV or AIDS include 20.6 million in SubSahara Africa， 6 million in South and Southeast Asia， 1.3 million in Latin America and 530，000 in Western Europe. The worst affected is in Sub Sahara Africa， where HIV cases increased by an alarming 7.4 percent among people between 15 and 49 years of age. In contrast the rate of new AIDS cases is expected to drop in Western Europe and America in 1997②.
译注
① Nearly half those deaths would be women and 460，000 children under 15.
几乎一半的死亡者是妇女和46万名15岁以下的儿童。
② In contrast the rate of new AIDS cases is expected to drop in Western Europe and America in 1997.
相反，在西欧和美洲新增艾滋病的比率有望在1997年下降。
根据文章内容，选择正确答案：
1. The meaning of the underlined word “soared” in the first sentence means .
A. loweredB. widened
C. went upD. enlarged
2. According to a report released by UN， .
A. about 16，000 people are infected with HIV every day
B. new methods of collecting data will be used
C. by the year 2000， there will be about 40 million HIV infections or AIDS
D. in 1996， 19 percent of the people live with HIV
3. In 1997， about 2.3 million people would die of AIDS， among them .
A. about 50 percent would be women and children
B. 1.61 million would be women and children
C. about 1.15 million would be children and men
D. about one half would be women and men
4. is the place where HIV infections and AIDS have found the most.
A. Sub Sahara Africa
B. Western Europe
C. Latin America
D. South and Southeast Asia
5. The passage is about .
A. an estimation
B. a report
C. new infections
D. AIDS
Passage B
Nineyearold Louis Pasteur rushed into the little house， his face white. “Mother！” he cried. “A mad dog has bitten my friend Henry， and now they are burning him with redhot irons. Its terrible！”
“Rabies （狂犬病）， Louis. Burning the bites is the only hope of stopping Henry from catching the disease.”
Henry did get rabies and died， in great pain， some days later. Louis Pasteur never forgot. “One day，” he thought， “I must do something to help people like Henry①.”
Sixteen years later Pasteur became a Doctor of Science. And he began making important discoveries in his special field. Pasteur achieved great success in his life. But during the years of research he lost the use of his left arm and leg. Yet he worked on and on， as hard as ever， as he was eager to find a way for curing rabies. He never forgot his friend Henry.
After many dangerous experiments on mad dogs， he finally found the answer②. Just then a boy who had been badly bitten by a mad dog arrived at his lab. A few days after Pasteurs treatment， the boy got better. He did not catch rabies.
The discovery gave new hope to people in many countries. People sent money to help build the Pasteur Institute in Paris. Today it is one of the worlds most famous centers for research.
译注
① I must do something to help people like Henry.
我必须做点事情，来救助像亨利一样的人们。
② After many dangerous experiments on mad dogs， he finally found the answer.
经过许多对疯狗所做的危险实验后，他终于找到了答案。
根据文章内容，判断正（T）误（F）：
1. The underlined phrase “Doctor of Science” here means someone whose job is to make sick people well again.
2. Though Pasteur was in poor health， he worked hard in order to make a living.
3. In his childhood he made up his mind to become a doctor.
4. The fact that people in many countries sent money to help build the Pasteur Institute shows that the people supported Pasteurs research on rabies.
5. This passage is mainly about how Louis Pasteurs friend died.
Passage C
It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a hurt brain. Without enough blood， the brain lives only three to five minutes. Sometimes the hurt brain gets better by itself. More often the doctors cant fix the hurt. Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help. It is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctor might make the person worse if he works on the brain.
Dr. Robert J. White， a famous professor and doctor， thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should try to make the brain very cold. If it is very cold， the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctors a longer time to do something for the brain.
Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs. Then he operated on them. He made the monkeys blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys brains. When the brain temperature was 50 degrees， Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back. He warmed the blood again. After their operations， the monkeys were like they were before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.