A crowd of protesters disrupted the meeting.
一群抗议者扰乱了会议。
3 )refuse 后跟不定式, 表示“ 不愿, 不肯”。
I refuse to answer this question. 我不愿回答这个问题。
I asked him to come back, but he refused to.
我请他回来, 但他不肯。
4 )辨异: refuse, reject, decline, v.
这三个动词都含有“拒绝”的意思。但表达的语气, 程度不同。
reject 拒绝。指拒绝不适当、不满意或所厌恶的东西。语气最强烈。
I offered a suggestion to them, but rejected.
我给他们提了建议, 但遭到拒绝。
We were refused permission to enter the hall.
我们遭到拒绝不允许进入大厅。
decline 拒绝。比前两者要有礼貌些, 语气不是那么坚决, 强硬。
表示有礼貌地婉言谢绝。
I’m afraid I must decline your invitation.
恐怕我要谢绝你的邀请。
5 )be isolated from 使隔离, 使孤立, 使隔绝When a person has an infectious disease, he is usually isola ted from others. 当一个人患了传染病, 通常要把他与其他人隔离开来。
Without TV, these soldiers on the island would be isola ted from the world. 没有电视, 岛上的战士就会与世隔绝。
6 )the rest 其余的人(物)
Take what you want and throw the rest away.
把你所要的拿去, 把剩下的丢掉。
Mike and I are going to play tennis, what are the rest of you going to do ？迈克和我要打网球, 你们其他的人要做什么？
8.Dr. Crocker’s advice to any person who thinks he is suffering from a panic attack is to consult a doctor for a medical examination to rule out the possibility of physical illness first. 克罗克博士的建议是, 自认为有恐慌症的人可请医生做体检来首先排除生理疾病的可能性。
1 )此复合句中主句的主语是advice, 谓语是is to consult, 宾语是a doctor for a medical examination。
2 )advice 后常用介词to, 表示给予某人劝告、建议。它是一个不可数名词, 一条建议应说a piece of advice；五条建议: five pieces of advice。
3 )consult sb. for / about sth. 向某人咨询、请教某事You may consult a lawyer about the problem. 对这个问题, 你可以咨询一下律师。
He should ha ve consulted his pa rents for their suggestions.
他本应该向他父母求教, 请他们提供建议。
4 )examination 在这里的意思是“ 检查”, 是个名词。
We can undergo / have a free medical examina tion every year.
每年我们都要进行一次免费体检。
an examination of one’s eyes 检查眼睛
5 )rule sb. sth. 宣布某事不可能, 排除可能性We cannot rule out the possibility that she was murdered by her husband. 我们不能排除这种可能性, 她是被她丈夫谋杀的。
That’s a possibility that can’t be ruled out.
那种可能性我们不能不加以考虑。
9.Once it has been confirmed that he or she is, in fact, suffering from a panic attack, the victim should seek psychological and medical help.
一旦他或她真的患有恐慌症, 就应寻求心理和药物治疗。
1 )once 在这里是个连词, 引导时间状语从句, 相当于as soon as 或when, 意思是“ 一..就..”, 或“ 一旦..就”。
Once she arrives, we may start. 她一到, 我们就开始。
Once you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.
你一旦了解这个规则, 就不会再有困难。
2 )confirm 在这里是个及物动词, 意思是“ 证实”。
The report of earthquake in Los Angeles has now been confirmed.
洛杉矶发生地震的报告现已被证实了。
The President refused to either confirm or deny this rumour.
总统既不愿证实又不肯否认这个谣言。
3 )in fact 事实上；实际上I think so, in fa ct, I ’m quite sure.
我想是如此, 事实上我十分相信是如此。
He doesn’t mind, in fa ct, he is very pleased.
他不介意。实际上, 他还非常高兴。
4 )seek 在这里是个及物动词, 意思是“ 请求, 求”。
I will seek my doctor’s advice. 我将请教医生的意见。
He should ha ve sought legal help when he was libelled.
当他遭到诽谤时应寻求法律保护。
Te xt B
Sleepwalking-Fact or Fancy？
梦游--真实还是虚幻？
Study of the Text
1.There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers.
有关梦游的故事接连不断。
1 )形容词endless 在这里的意思是“ 接连不断的, 连续的”。后缀-less 附在名词后构成形容词, 表示“ 没有..的”。例如: treeless 无树的；careless 粗心的。
2 )supply 在这里是个名词, 意思是“ 大量”, 常用单数形式。
Have you a good supply of reading matter for the train journey？
你有供火车旅行的许多读物吗？
The government provided the victims with a large supply of food.
政府给灾民提供了大量的食物。
3 )sleepwalker 是个名词, 意思是“ 梦游者”。sleepwalk 是动词, 这是个合成词。类似的有: white-wash 粉刷；overthrow 推翻。
2.In Revere, Massachusetts, a hundred policemen searched for a lost boy who left his home in his sleep and woke up five hours later on a strange sofa in a strange living room, with no idea how he had got there. 在马萨诸塞的里维尔, 有百名警察寻找一名失踪的男孩。这男孩在睡梦中离家出走, 五小时后发现自己睡在一间陌生的客厅的沙发上, 而他浑然不知是如何到那儿的。
1 )who left his home.how he had got there 是定语从句, 修饰先行词boy。
with no idea how he had got there 在定语从句中作状语。
2 )search for 搜寻；搜查；探查They sea rched the woods for the little boy.
他们在树林里寻找那个小男孩。
Scientists are still sea rching for a cure to the common cold.
科学家们仍在寻找治疗常见感冒的方法。
search 还可用作名词, in search of 的意思是:“ 搜寻；搜查；探查”。
They went to the spot in sea rch of the evidence.
他们去了现场寻找证据。
The police made a long search for the missing aircraft.
警方花了很长时间去搜寻失踪的飞机。
3 )wake up 醒来；不再睡The thunder woke me up with a start last night.
昨晚的雷声把我惊醒了。
Wa ke the baby up, otherwise he will not go to sleep at night.
把小孩唤醒, 否则他晚间不会睡觉。
4 )later 在这里是个副词, 意思是“ 后来”;“ 过..时间后”。
At first he denied all guilt, but he la ter confessed.
开始他否认了所有的罪状, 后来他招供承认了。
Five minutes la ter , he came back in a new suit.
五分钟后, 他穿着一套新衣服回来了。
5 )idea 在这里的意思是“ 概念；想法”, 是不可数名词。
It was so hot there, you’ve no idea.
那里是如此之热, 你是想不到的。
What idea can a man who is blind from birth have of colour？
生来即盲的人对颜色会有何概念？
3.He would take a swim and then go back to his room to bed.
他会去游泳, 然后回来再上床睡觉。
1 )情态动词would 在这里表意愿, 意思是“ 想, 要”。
Try as he would, he could not keep clean.
他尽管想保持清洁, 但总是做不到。
2 )take a swim 游泳。take 和have 与一名词连用, 等于与该名词同形的动词的意义。
Don’t be discouraged, let’s ha ve a try again.
不要泄气, 我们再试试。
The old couple would ta ke a wa lk after supper every evening.
这对老夫妇每天傍晚晚饭后都要去散步。
3 )bed 在这里是动词, 意思是“ 上床睡觉”。
4.He is said to know more about sleep than any other living man,
and during the last thirty-five years has lost a lot of sleep watching
people sleep. 在他生命中的最后35 年中, 据说他牺牲了许多睡
眠时间来观察别人的睡眠。
1 )sb. be said to 据说某人.., 是由句型It is said that 变化而来。
He is sa id to be honest, but in fact he is liar.
据说他很诚实, 但实际上他是个撒谎的人。
2 )last 在这里是形容词, 意思是“ 最后的, 末尾的”。
December is the la st month of a year.
十二月是一年的最后一个月。
He was the la st person to leave the hall.
他是最后一个离开大厅的人。
3 )a lot of sleep 中的sleep 是名词, 在这里的意思是“ 睡眠时间”。
watching people sleep 中的sleep 是动词, 意思是“ 睡觉, 睡眠”。
5.Doctors say that sleepwalking is much more common than is gener- ally supposed.
医生说, 梦游症比人们通常认为的要多得多。
1 )比较从句than is generally supposed 省略了主语it(指sleepwalking),也有语法家认为than 充当关系词, 引导一个定语从句, 修饰先行词sleepwalking。
这种结构多用于正式文体中。
There may be more importance in it than would seem.
它的重要意义可能比看上去大。
2 )动词suppose 在这里的意思是“ 认为；推测；想像”。
We all supposed he was born in America because he spoke so good English. 我们都认为他生于美国, 因为他说一口如此好的英语。
be supposed to 被期望或要求；应该The law is supposed to help the poor, to protect the innocent.
法律是用来帮助贫穷的人, 保护清白的人。
You’re not supposed to smoke here. 你不应在此吸烟。
3 )辨异: common, ordinary, adj.
这两个词都有“普通的”意思。
common 普通的, 共同的。指为某一群人或某一阶级中所有分子所共享或共有的。
English is the common language in the United States.
英语是美国的共同语言。
ordinary 普通的。指与一般事物的标准或品质相同而成为普通的。
I’ve got an ordinary TV set. 我买了一台很普通的电视机。
That wealthy man usually wears ordina ry clothes.
那个很富有的人经常穿着很平常的衣服。
6.Many sleepwalkers do not seek help and so are never put on record, which means that an accurate count can never be made. 许多梦游者不寻求帮助, 因此没有列入记录, 也无法做准确的统计。