书城英文图书不可不知的欧洲100所名校(英汉双语版)
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第92章 University of Salamanca

萨拉曼卡大学:专注知识创新为人类服务

英文导读

The University of Salamanca (Spanish: Universidad de Salamanca) is a Spanish higher education institution, located in the town of Salamanca, west of Madrid. It was founded in 1134 and given the Royal charter of foundation by King Alfonso IX in 1218. It was run and financed by royal and papal concessions throughout the Middle Ages until the 1869, when the Salamanca town council took the faculties of Medicine and Science under its wing. It was named a Great University in 1254, and was consequently given more privileges and administrative and academic independence. It is the oldest university in Spain and the third oldest European university in continuous operations. It was the first European institution to receive the formal title of “University” as such; it was granted by King Alfonso X in 1254 and recognized by Pope Alexander IV in 1255. Initially Salamanca University had five official faculties: Canon Law, Law, Theology, Medicine and Arts-Philosophy, as well as complementary teaching in Humanities, Languages, Mathematics and Music. During the crisis in the 19th century, the faculties of the University were reduced to Law, Philosophy and Arts, and Theology, later being eliminated in 1868. In 1869 the local city council, pressured by the dean Miguel de Unamuno, decided to finance a Medicine and Sciences faculty.

System: The university has sixteen faculties including: Faculty of Fine Arts; Faculty of Biology; Faculty of Sciences; Faculty of Audio-visual Media; Faculty of Chemistry Sciences; Faculty of Social Sciences; Faculty of Law; Faculty of Economics and Enterprise; Faculty of Education; Faculty of Pharmacy; Faculty of Philology; Faculty of Philosophy; Faculty of History & Geography; Faculty of Medicine; Faculty of Psychology; Faculty of Traduction and Documentation.

City show: Salamanca is located within the region of Castilla Leon in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula. Salamanca is known for its beautiful historic architecture and traditional buildings as well as its authentic Spanish charm. Its Old City was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. In 2002 the city was named European Cultural Capital. Salamanca is a clean city, famous for its nightlife and even more famous for its university, and is very popular with foreigners for learning Spanish.

生词助读

complementary [.k.mpl..mentri] a. 补足的,补充的

eliminate [.’l.m.ne.t] vt. 消除;排除;淘汰;除掉

中文概述

萨拉曼卡大学创建于1218年,这所国立大学是西班牙最古老的大学,也是世界上历史最悠久的几所高等学府之一。

1218年莱昂王国国王阿方索九世下令建立萨拉曼卡大学;1255年,由阿方索十世国王和罗马教皇亚历山大四世联合授予萨拉曼卡大学大学印章。萨拉曼卡大学建校以来,受到以罗马教廷为首的欧洲上层阶层的大力支持,建立了以神学、法学、人文学、文学、语言学为主体的综合性大学教育体制。从中诞生了无数的学者、文人和政治家。大学于1988年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。

萨拉曼卡大学设置的院系有: 艺术学院、视听传媒学院,生物学院、自然科学学院、经济与企业科学院、社会科学院、法律学院、药物学院、语言学院、语言学与教育科学院、地理学与历史学院、医学院、心理学院、化学院、翻译学院。

萨拉曼卡是欧洲仅次于牛津的著名大学城,这座历史名城聚集了世界各地从事各学科研究的人才精英,是一本极富历史性的艺术教科书。整个城市随处可见罗马、哥特、巴洛克以及伊斯兰风格的建筑群,每一件在西班牙艺术史上都占据着非常重要的地位。

梦想成功录

You cannot control the weather, but you can change your mood.

你不能左右天气,但你能转变你的心情。

If you want to overcome the anxiety and depressed in life, you may learn to be your own master first.

要克服生活的焦虑和沮丧,得先学会做自己的主人。