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Raschmann，Simon-ChristianeandTakata，T.1993.“EinchinesischerTurfan-TextmituigurischenphonetischenGlossen”，UighurWoodenMovable-TypesfromunhuangandRelatedProblemsYANGFuxueunhuangResearchAcademyThemovable-typeprintingisagreatinventionofChinaandhasclearlybeenrecordedinQiinesehistoricalaccounts.Buttherealmovable-typeshavenotbeenfoundincentralplainsofChina.Fortunately，aftermanycenturies，morethanonethousandofthemwerefoundinthenorthpartoftheMogaoGrottoesofunhuang.Theyareconsideredastheearliestmovable-types.Amongthem，ninehundredsandsixtywerebroughttoParisbyProfessorPaulPelliotofFranceandhavebeenpublishedintherecentOtherhundredshavebeenkeptinSt.Petersboug，only54Uighurwoodenmovable-typescanbeseeninunhuangResearchAcademyofChinanow.
Amongthe54，48werenewlydiscoveredinrecentyears，andothersixoriginallywerekeptinun-huangArtInstitute(presentlyunhuangResearchAcadony).Asearlyas1961，ProfessorZhangXiumin张秀民mentionedUighurmovable-typesinhisYuan-ming-liang-dai-mu-hua-zi兀明两代木活字Lastyear，BeijingHistoricalMuseumreceivedthefivenuroable-typesfromunhuangArtInstituteItissaidthattheyaremadeofbirchwoodandtheyaretheremainsofwhatPaulPelliottookavuay.Now，theyareexhibitedintheMuseum-Buthehadnotprovidedthedetails.AfterspeakingtotheseniormembersofunhuangResearchA-cademy，Icametoknowthatevenbeforel949theAcademywasinpossessionofthesewoodenmovable-typesIntheabsenceofrecordswewerenotabletoknowtheexactplaceoftheirdiscoveryandaboutthepersonwhodiscoveredthem.ItisquitepossiblethattheyweredonatedtounhuangResearchAcademybythenatives.Theplaceofdiscoveryshouldbethesamecave(“Grotte181”，newserialnumber464)wherePelliotdiscoveredsomanywoodenmovable-types.Eachofthesixmovable-typesis2.2cmsinheightand13cmsinwidth，sameasthoseofP-Pelliot-Butthelengthdiffers，thelongestonebeing2.5cmwhiletheshortestis0.3cm.Allofthemweremadeofakindofhardwood(perhapsbirchwoodorjujubewood).Thiswoodwascutintopieceswithasawandthenengravingwasdonewithaknife-TheUighurscriptisoneofthemostprevalentscriptsintheUighurhistoryandtheexistingtextsinthisscriptareveryrich.Itdirectlyoriginatedfrom”SogdianscriptofCentralAsia”andwasusedbytheUighursfromthemid-700sA..Inthemid-9thcenturyfollowingthedeclineoftheUighurEmpireanditspeoplemigratedwestwardsTheyestablishedfourcountriesviz-theQoooUighurKingdom，GanzhouUighurKingdbm，KarakhanidandShazhouUighurKingdom.Amongthem，onlyKarakhanidabandonedtheUighurscriptandadoptedtheArabicscriptbeinginfluencedbyIslaminthemiddleofthe10thcentury，buttheotherthreenationsinheritedtheculturaltraditionofthelateUighurEmpiretoalargeextent.
So，theUighurscriptspreadintotheXinjiangUighurAutonomousRegionandHexiCorridorofGansuProvinceandlateritexpandedtomanyregionsofCentralAsiaandWestAsia.uringthe13-15thcenturiesitwasusedastheofficialscriptoftheKipchak(Chinese“Qincha钦察”）Empire，ChaghataiEmpireandTimuridEmpire，sointhosetimes，therewasasayingthatwhoeverknewthisscriptwell，wouldnotworryorsufferfromhardship.